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' 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. G. CHILSON. v

Hot Air Furnace.

No. 5,550. Patented May 2, 1848.

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Hot Air Furnace.

No. 5,550. Patented May 2, I848.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @FHIQE.

GARDNER CHILSON, OF- BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent N 0. 5,550, dated May 2, 1848.

To all whom it. may concern Be it known that I, GARDNER CHrLsoN, ofBoston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented new and; useful Improvements in the Hot-A1r Ventilating-Furnacefor Heating and Ventilating Buildings, &c., and that the following is afull, clear, and exact descrlptionof the principle or character whichdistlnguishes them from all other things before known and of the mannerof making, constructing, and using the same, reference be ing had to theaccompanying draw ngs, making part of this specification, in wh1chFigure 1 is an elevation of the outside of the furnace; Fig. 2, anelevation of the furnace within the surrounding chamber which isrepresented in section; Fig. 3, a vertical section taken through thecenter of the furnace; and- Fig. 4 a horizontal section taken at theline X X of Fig. 2.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

In the class of furnaces which consist-s of a cylindrical fire chamberabove the grate, the upper part of this chamber has often been providedwith a series of vertlcal tubes arranged in a circle within itsperiphery and opening into a chamber above provided with an exit smokepipe at the top or side through which the products of combustion escapeinto the chimney. The objections to this plan are, that the products ofcombustion have too direct an escape, and there fore do not actsufficiently on the metal forming the chamber to give the heat due tothe fuel; and in addition to this there is no escape for the soot,ashes, and dust which are formed or carried up into the dome and pipesby the draft.

The object of the first part of my invention is to remedy these twoevils, which I do by making the escape for the products of combustionfrom the upper chamber, or dome, as it is denominated, in the middle ofthe bottom thereof through a pipe running down obliquely to a horizontalpipe which runs through to the outside of the wall of the surroundingchamber and is there provided with a movable cap through which the soot,ashes, and dust can be cleared out, the said horizontal pipe alsocommunicating with a vertical pipe within the surrounding wall for theescape of the smoke to the chimney. And the second part of my inventionrelates to the method of preventing duced into this space at the topthereof and discharged into the hot air chamber at the bottom, butexperience has shown this to be defective as there is but a very slighttendency to produce a current through this space. The nature of this,the second part of my invention consists in providing the space betweenthe two walls with apertures near the bottom thereof for the admissionof cold air, which escapes at the top, (after being partially heated bythe heat that passes through the inner wall,) into the main pipe orpipes that carries off the heated air from the hot air chambersurrounding the furnace, that the two bodies of air, the one highlyheated and the other only partially so may mingle together and take amean temperature as they pass to the apartments to be' heated. In thisway the current of air between the two walls carries off into theapartments to be heated that portion of heat which would otherwise bewasted by assing through the two walls and the air between them, whileat the same time the apartment containing the whole apparatus isprevented from being heated to a disagreeable temperature as heretofore.

In the accompanying drawings (a) represents a fire pot of considerablediameter and shallow that the coal may be burned in a thin stratum onthe gate (5) which discharges the ashes, &c., into the ash pan (0)below. The fire chamber is cylindrical and placed above the fire pot,with a spout (6) extending through the surrounding wall for the supplyof fuel, the outer end of the spout being provided with a door in theusual manner. A like spout (g) is placed below to give access to the ashpan. The top (k) of the fire chamber opens into a series of verticalflues (i) arranged around near the periphery thereof and through thesethe products of combustion pass up into a dome formed chamber and allthese separate currents reverberate and all unite in the center and passdown an in clined pipe (in), along that portion of it which is verticalinto a horizontal pipe (Z), and thence through the vertical pipe to thechimney, the horizontal pipe (Z) being continued through the wall andthere pro vided with a movable cover (n) through which can be removedthe soot, dust, ashes, etc., which are carried up by the force of thedraft through the vertical flues into the dome and thence down theinclined pipe and deposited in this horizontal pipe, where the currentshave not sufiicient force to carry them up the vertical pipe to thechimney.

By reference to the drawing it will be seen that the upper ends of thevertical flues are slightly trumpet mouthed to permit t e largerparticles carried up by the draft to fall back into the fire, and thatfrom the edges of these the bottom of the dome formed chamber inclinedtoward the mouth of the inclined pipe to insure the descent of the rest.From the foregoing it will be seen that when the products of combustionreach the top of the fire chamber, and become less intense they enterand pass through the vertical tubes acting on. a larger surface of metalaround which the air to be heated circulates, and then they impingeagainst the inner surface of the dome which is thus heated, and beingthereby reverberated strike against the bottom and heat that also inpassing to the inclined pipe, thus affording equal or nearly equal heatto every part. The furnace is surrounded by a double wall (0, 0) with aspace (p) between for the passage of air which is admitted throughapertures (g) at or near the bottom of the outer wall, and which beingheated by the heat conducted through the inner wall is rarefied andpasses to the top, and into the main pipe (1') to mingle with the heatedair from the hot air chamber (8) formed between the furnace and theinner wall, and from this pipe the two bodies of air, thus mingledtogether and having a mean temperature, are carried off in the usual orany desired manner to the apartments to be heated. Cold air is suppliedto the hot air chamber in the usual manner which needs no description.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is-The arrangement of the inclined pipe in the center of the bottom of thedome for carrying the products of combustion down in combination withthe vertical flues surrounding the same and forming the commu- GARDNERCHILSON.

Witnesses:

A. P. BROWNE, JAMES N. KELLER.

